HACARBON - a global specialty carbon black Manufacturer & Supplier
+86 17394698727
sales@cncarbonblack.com
HACARBON - a global specialty carbon black Manufacturer & Supplier
+86 17394698727
sales@cncarbonblack.com
Over 95% of carbon black is utilized in rubber products. As a conductive material, acetylene carbon black is predominantly used in dry batteries, while its application as a conductive filler in plastics is relatively recent. However, the production of acetylene carbon black poses significant environmental challenges and exhibits poor processability in both rubber and plastics, resulting in inferior mechanical properties in finished products. Similarly, carbon black produced as a byproduct of ammonia synthesis from heavy oil gasification is not suitable for conductive applications in plastics due to its high manufacturing costs and poor dispersibility, which severely compromises the mechanical properties of plastic products.
Among oil furnace carbon black varieties, there was initially no dedicated conductive carbon black for plastics. N472 (VXC-72 by Cabot Corporation), included in the ASTM D 1765-96a "Carbon Black for Rubber" standard, was developed in the 1960s as a conductive carbon black for rubber. Due to its larger particle size and good dispersibility in plastics, it emerged as a viable option for conductive applications in plastics. Subsequently, Degussa of Germany developed the Corax L series of conductive carbon blacks, and Asahi Carbon Company of Japan introduced a conductive furnace black for rubber in the mid-1960s.
The TD series of conductive furnace carbon blacks for rubber, developed by the Carbon Black Industry Research and Design Institute a few years ago, aimed to enhance conductivity by reducing particle size and increasing specific surface area. While these carbon blacks performed well in rubber, their use in plastics resulted in poor mechanical properties and overall effectiveness due to inadequate dispersion. This issue persisted because the TD series carbon blacks could not achieve good dispersion in plastics.
When carbon black is added to plastics, its conductivity mechanism varies depending on the filling amount and dispersion. One mechanism involves the formation of conductive pathways through the interconnection of carbon black particles due to their developed structure. The other mechanism, known as tunneling conduction, occurs when the number of carbon black particles is insufficient or they are uniformly dispersed, creating a thin resin layer between particles that acts as a potential barrier. Electrons cannot flow directly but can conduct through tunneling when a voltage is applied, involving electron hopping over the potential barrier. In practice, both mechanisms coexist in polymer composites, with varying conductive efficiencies based on the application conditions, such as AC, DC, high frequency, low frequency, and electromagnetic wave shielding.
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